09 January 2025
Top Listed Buildings in Liverpool: History & Heritage
9 minutes
Liverpool boasts a magnificent heritage on many fronts – music, sport, football, theatre, comedy, and much more. But it’s not only famous for its vibrant cultural scene and sporting legacy — also for its rich architectural heritage.
The city is home to thousands of listed buildings, each telling a story of Liverpool’s past — it’s no wonder Liverpool’s been named a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2004!
In this guide, we’ll explore some of the most iconic Grade I listed buildings in Liverpool and their fascinating histories.
Top listed buildings in Liverpool and their history
If you’ve ever wandered through this vibrant city and wondered about the stories and cultural significance behind its historic buildings, you’re not alone!
These listed buildings are the foundation of the rich history and creativity spanning across the length and breadth of the city.
In fact, the birthplace of The Beatles, This Morning, and Scouse stew has an impressive 27 Grade I listed buildings, accounting for the vast majority of the 38 throughout Merseyside.
From majestic cathedrals to charming townhouses, these Grade I listed buildings offer a fascinating glimpse into the city’s past.
Let’s take a closer look at just some of these national treasures of historic interest and the fascinating stories behind them.
1. Albert Dock Traffic Office
When the Albert Dock was the bustling centre of the shipping trade in the 19th century, the Traffic Office, designed by Philip Hardwick and completed in 1847, was where all the important work was done.
The red brick Grade I structure was built on three storeys, with a façade that includes a Tuscan portico and frieze made from four columns of cast iron.
Having had very little function from its closure following World War II, along with the rest of the Albert Dock, this area fell into disrepair and was heavily neglected.
Then in the mid-to-late 1980s the Albert Dock underwent a massive regeneration, and this building sprung back to life as the Merseyside branch of the Granada Television Studios, where This Morning was originally broadcasted – complete with floating weather map.
More recently, from 2008, it became part of the International Slavery Museum and was renamed the Dr Martin Luther King Building in 2021.
One building, and three very different backstories.
2. Anglican Cathedral
Officially known as the Anglican Cathedral Church of Christ, but also called Liverpool Cathedral, this majestic building graces one side of Liverpool’s city centre, while the more modern Catholic Cathedral (often called Paddy’s Wigwam) stands in striking contrast on the opposite side, creating a beautiful sense of symmetry.
Designed by Giles Gilbert Scott — who also gave us the iconic red telephone box — the Anglican Cathedral holds the title of the largest cathedral in the UK and the eighth largest church in the world.
And while construction of this Gothic-revival design structure began in 1904, additions continued until 1978.
There was quite a bit of debate and competition over the design, with many architects vying for the chance to create this grand structure before Scott’s design was selected when he was just 22.
Its impressive height of 331 feet (101 metres) is particularly remarkable because it lacks a spire, a feature common in many English cathedrals.
Though it may not be the tallest, it proudly holds the record for the longest cathedral, stretching an impressive 207 yards (189 metres) externally.
Today, the Cathedral is not only a vital place of worship but also a venue for music concerts and graduation ceremonies for Liverpool students.
3. Bluecoat Chambers
The Bluecoat Chambers could easily be celebrated for its Grade I listed status just by being the oldest surviving building in Liverpool’s city centre, but it’s got a story that goes far beyond its age.
Originally established in 1716 as the Liverpool Bluecoats Charity School, it served the community until 1906 when the school relocated to Wavertree.
Over the years, despite suffering significant bomb damage during World War II and undergoing post-war rebuilding, the Bluecoat has experienced a remarkable transformation.
Today, it thrives as an arts centre, performance space, and craft gallery, hosting renowned artists over the years, like Stravinsky, Picasso, Cezanne, and Doris Lessing.
With its distinctive H-shaped brick structure, slate roof, and painted stone details, the building wraps around a charming quad.
Its architecture features round-arched windows, an octagonal cupola, and plenty of Ionic columns with cherub heads adorning many of the windows.
The Bluecoat Chambers isn’t just Grade I listed itself; its surrounding wall, railings, and gate pier also share this prestigious status, making it a true gem in Liverpool’s architectural heritage.
4. Princes Road Synagogue
Princes Road Synagogue is a stunning gem from Liverpool’s Victorian era, built in the 1860s and consecrated in 1874.
Designed by the talented Audsley brothers, it features a unique blend of Moorish Revival and eclectic styles that has influenced synagogue designs worldwide.
Its bright terracotta bricks and grand Moorish portal are eye-catching, but it's the vibrant colours, gilded details, and beautifully lit round-arched ceilings that truly captivate visitors.
Once a bustling centre for Liverpool’s Jewish community in Toxteth, it’s since become a cherished venue for weddings and special occasions, maintaining its Grade I listed status as a symbol of both historical and architectural merit.
5. Royal Liver Building
The Royal Liver Building is truly a Liverpool icon, proudly standing on the waterfront next to the River Mersey as part of the famous Three Graces — the other two being the Cunard Building and Port of Liverpool Building.
Designed by Walter Aubrey Thomas and completed in 1911, it was initially home to the Royal Liverpool Assurance Group, housing around 6,000 employees.
One of the first buildings to use reinforced concrete, it reaches an impressive height of 322 feet (98.2 metres), stretching to 340 feet (103.7 metres) when you count its iconic bird sculptures.
These copper cormorants, affectionately known as Bella and Bertie, are said to be Liverpool’s talismans, with a local legend claiming that if they ever flew away, the city would cease to exist.
Though it may no longer be the tallest building in Liverpool, its rich history and the beloved birds atop ensure it remains a cherished landmark.
6. Speke Hall
Now for something completely different.
Speke Hall is an outstanding example of 16th century timber-framed architecture.
Nestled in the outer Liverpool district of Speke, this charming Grade I listed wattle-and-daub manor house was shaped by Sir William Norris and his grandson in 1530, before building works were completed in 1546.
Starting with the Great Hall, the Great Oak Parlour Wing was soon added followed by the North Bay, South Wing, West Wing, and North Range.
With its original oak frame resting on red sandstone, and Tudor beams throughout, Speke Hall stands as a stunning example of its era.
Notably, it features a priest hole for discreet visits and an observation hole in the chimney — one of the earliest security systems, and the inspiration for the phrase “eavesdropping”!
Now cared for by the National Trust since 1943, it’s welcomed visitors since 1986, inviting them to explore its rich history and enjoy breath-taking views from its lovingly maintained grounds.
7. St George's Hall
Right in the heart of Liverpool, just a stone's throw from Lime Street Station, stands the majestic St George’s Hall.
This Grade I neoclassical gem is hard to miss with its grand columns, statues, and intricate carvings.
Originally the site of the Liverpool Infirmary from 1749 to 1824, it was transformed into a stunning performance venue after a successful fundraising campaign in the early 19th century.
Designed by Harvey Lonsdale Elmes, who won a competition for the project and a grand prize of 250 guineas, St George’s Hall was intended to host 3,000 people in its main hall and 1,000 in its concert room.
Though the costs soared well beyond the initial budget (exceeding £300,000!), after the initial foundation stone was laid in 1838, the hall was completed in 1839 became a crown jewel of British architecture, admired by many, including Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.
Today, it continues to impress with its breath-taking Great Hall (based on the Baths of Caracalla), remarkable statues, and unforgettable ceiling — definitely worth a visit to fully appreciate its splendour.
Other Grade I listed buildings Liverpool has to offer
If you’re exploring Liverpool, you’ll find plenty of Grade I listed buildings — 27 in total, including each of Albert Dock’s warehouses and the railings of the Old Bluecoat School — both in the city centre and its charming suburbs that are always worth a visit.
And it’ll come as no surprise that, like many listed buildings, most of these were (or are still) religious buildings — according to Historic England, places of worship make up 45% of all Grade I listed buildings in England!
- All Saints’ Church: A well-preserved Grade I listed building in Childwall celebrated for its mediaeval architecture, including a Norman doorway, mediaeval chancel, and intricate stained glass windows.
- Bank of England Building: This Grade I listed gem stands out with its striking neoclassical design by Sir John Sloane and its elegantly detailed interiors.
- Church of All Hallows: An example of beautifully preserved mediaeval architecture and rare mediaeval wooden rood screen, in the peaceful suburb of Allerton.
- Church of St. Agnes and St. Pancras: An active Anglican church that was built between 1883 and 1885 — a stunning example of late Victorian architecture.
- Church of St Clare: Considered one of the most imaginative churches of its time in the late 19th century, designed by the brilliant Leonard Stokes.
- Church of St George: A pioneer in architecture — one of the earliest churches built using cast iron components, manufactured at the Mersey Iron Foundry.
- Church of St John the Baptist: This church, designed by architect George Frederick Botley, is known for its richly decorated interior with stencilling and stained glass windows, boasting some impressive architectural features, including a reredos, an altar, a pulpit, and a font.
- The Oratory: One of the purest monuments of the Greek Revival in all of England, thanks to its design by John Foster.
- Oriel Chambers: Oriel Chambers stands out for its revolutionary design — it was the world's first building to feature a metal-framed glass curtain wall, making it astonishingly modern for its time. This innovation had a major influence on the design of commercial properties throughout the world.
- Philharmonic Dining Rooms: Affectionately called The Phil, this gorgeous pub is well worth a stop for a pint. Not only is it five storeys of Grade I awesome architecture, but the men’s urinals are well-known for their beauty all over the world. And yes, there are opportunities for those who aren’t men to stare in wonder at these Victorian masterpieces!
- St Michael’s Church: Another first for cast iron building construction, built by Liverpudlian local and Mersey Iron Foundry owner, John Cragg.
- Liverpool Town Hall: Designed by John Wood the Elder, it stands as a testament to the city's wealth and prominence during the 18th century. With its imposing facade, ornate plasterwork, and stunning collection of chandeliers, the Town Hall offers a glimpse into the opulent lifestyle of the era.
- Toxteth Unitarian Chapel: One of the oldest places of worship in the city, with parts of the building dating back to the 17th century. The chapel is beautifully preserved, with historic features, like original box pews and galleries.
- Ullet Road Unitarian Church: More than just a place of worship; it's a masterpiece of Gothic Revival design and craftsmanship, with beautiful Art Nouveau touches. The church and its surrounding buildings create a truly special atmosphere, making it a beloved community hub.
- Woolton Hall: This historic Georgian house has witnessed centuries of Liverpool's history, once home to wealthy merchants and influential families. Sadly, it now stands as a shadow of its former glory, a neglected gem in desperate need of restoration.
- Warehouses A, B, C, D, and E of Albert Dock: These make up four different Grade I listed buildings in Liverpool, built with cutting-edge technology for their time, they were among the first buildings to be constructed entirely from fireproof materials.
How many listed buildings are in Liverpool?
There are over 2,500 listed buildings scattered across the city, ranging from grand churches to quirky Victorian terraces, with 1,471 entries to the official list.
Here’s a breakdown of each Grade:
- Grade I listed buildings: 27
- Grade II listed buildings:* 85
- Grade II listed buildings: 1,359
Which UK city has the most listed buildings?
London takes the crown for the most listed buildings for a UK city, accounting for 5% of all listed buildings in England!
But Liverpool’s in second place, with over 2,500 listed buildings — a testament to the city’s rich heritage and stunning architecture.
How can I find out if a building in Liverpool is listed?
It's a good idea to know if a building in Liverpool is listed, especially if you're thinking of buying it.
The simplest way is to check out Historic England's register on their website.
They have a database of all listed buildings, so you can quickly search by address or postcode.
If you prefer to talk to someone, the local council's planning department can also help — they have detailed records of buildings in their area, in one of the six Liverpool council areas: Liverpool, Knowsley, St Helens, Sefton, Wirral, and Halton.
And if you're really keen to dig deeper, local archives like Liverpool Record Office, or historical societies, like the aptly-named Liverpool Historical Society, might have extra information.
What does it mean if a building in Liverpool is listed?
A listed building in Liverpool is one that's considered to be of special architectural or historic interest. This means it's protected by law, and you need special permission from the local council and relevant planning authorities to make any changes to it.
Owning a listed building comes with responsibilities, including special care for its upkeep.
It's also important to note that standard home insurance often doesn't cover listed buildings.
Due to their unique nature and potential repair costs, specific listed building insurance is usually required. Here at Howden Insurance, we understand the importance of protecting these historic treasures, so if you’re looking for the right protection for your Liverpool listed building, you’re in the right place.
How Howden can help
Through our strong relationships with selected insurers, we can help you find the right policy for your needs. Whether you’re looking for home insurance, contents insurance, or gadget and possessions insurance, speak to our team today. We’ll not only help to save you money but will ensure all your valuables are properly protected.
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